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This volume contains a selection of papers presented at the Nutrition and Fitness Conference in Shanghai, held in November 2006 under the auspices of the World Council on Nutrition, Fitness and Health. Starting with a keynote presentation on nutrition, fitness and the concept of positive health from ancient times to the present, the focus then shifts to the role of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in health and disease. Other topics addressed are non-conventional genetic risk factors for cardiovascular disease; the impact of the APO E genotype on health, nutrition and fitness; nutrition in the prevention of chronic disease; and, the connection between exercise and obesity.Papers on nutritional risk factors for gastrointestinal cancers; Mediterranean diets as a global resource in health and disease; as well as political issues conclude the presentations. Covering a wide spectrum of issues, these proceedings will be of interest to geneticists, nutritionists and dieticians, exercise physiologists, cultural anthropologists, historians, pediatricians, internists, general practitioners, health care providers, scientists in industry and government, policymakers, and national and international governmental organizations.

Nutrition and Fitness: Cultural, Genetic and Metabolic Aspects: International Congress and Exhibition on Nutrition, Fitness and Health, Shanghai, … Sel

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Going beyond step-by-step descriptions of how to perform techniques, Methods in Neuroendocrinology examines the questions that are being asked in the field, what problems need to be overcome, and what the limits of interpretation are involved in each approach. The experimental approaches described in this book merge endocrine and neuroscientific research and offer insight into the many disciplines involved.
Demonstrating what can be learned from applying different approaches to neuroendocrine research, Methods in Neuroendocrinology leads the reader from elementary techniques to more complex methods for examining neuroendocrine function. The research methodology outlined addresses four main questions:
(1) What are the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for the synthesis and secretion of hormones?
(2) How do other cells influence neuroendocrine control mechanisms?
(3) How do hormones feed back on their neuroendocrine regulatory neurons?
(4) How can we use hormones as indicators of specific changes in neuroendocrine control sites in the brain?
Much more than a “cookbook”, this is a resource for every researcher who wants to pursue new areas of inquiry in the science of neuroendocrinology.

Methods in Neuroendocrinology

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Melatonin is a naturally occurring hormone that is released into the body when the eyes register that it’s getting dark. When the eyes send the message to the brain that darkness is falling, a gland in the brain (the pineal gland) releases melatonin, which then signals the body to ‘wind down’ and prepare for sleep. Melatonin regulates our waking and sleeping cycles in addition to performing other jobs. Consequently, insomnia is a symptom of a sleeping disorder characterised by persistent difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep despite the opportunity. Insomnia is a symptom, not a stand-alone diagnosis or a disease. By definition, insomnia is ‘difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or both’ and it may be due to inadequate quality or quantity of sleep. It is typically followed by functional impairment while awake. This new and important book gathers the latest research from around the world in the study of melatonin and insomnia with a focus on such topics as: the neuropathology of insomnia in adults, hormones and insomnia, insomnia among suicidal adolescents, melatonin and nocturia, melatonin and its significance with anaesthesia and sedation, and others.

Melatonin, Sleep and Insomnia

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Cet ouvrage traite des manifestations cutanées et muqueuses observées au cours des maladies infectieuses, métaboliques et toxiques. La première partie aborde de façon exhaustive les manifestations dermatologiques des maladies infectieuses rencontrées dans nos régions, sous les tropiques mais également les pathologies infectieuses émergentes et potentiellement impliquées dans les actes de bioterrorisme. La deuxième partie traite des signes cutanés et muqueux des maladies métaboliques héréditaires et acquises, infantiles et de l’adulte. La troisième partie est consacrée aux manifestations cutanées et muqueuses liées aux toxicomanies et aux intoxications chimiques classiques (tabac, cannabis, alcool) ou moins connues (mercure, dioxine, arsenic). L’ouvrage, réalisé par un collectif d’auteurs, est abondamment illustré. Il s’adresse non seulement aux dermatologues et aux médecins internistes mais aussi aux professionnels de santé concernés par les maladies infectieuses, métaboliques et toxiques.

Manifestations dermatologiques des maladies infectieuses, métaboliques et toxiques: Dermatologie et médecine, vol. 2

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The twin epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continue to affect an ever increasing number of children, adolescents, and young adults. Management of Pediatric Obesity and Diabetes provides healthcare trainees and professionals with practical, comprehensive, and contemporary approaches to the pediatric patient at risk for obesity, T2DM, and related conditions. A unique guide on the subject, this volume provides clinical paradigms for diagnosis and management of pediatric T2DM and related conditions, while succinctly describing state-of-the-art basic and clinical sciences underlying these problems. The chapters in this volume are independent and concise. Each chapter focuses on a key clinical issue or mechanism of disease. Providing practical, data-driven resources based upon the totality of the evidence, this important text helps the reader understand the basics of pediatric obesity and T2DM and implement strategies to prevent and treat obesity and diabetes in children and adolescents. Management of Pediatric Obesity and Diabetes provides health professionals across many areas of research and practice with up-to-date, well-referenced, and comprehensive evidence on identification, treatment, and prevention of these chronic, serious, metabolic diseases in children. This volume will serve the reader as the most authoritative resource in the field to date.

Management of Pediatric Obesity and Diabetes

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Mammalian Neuroendocrinology presents a concise examination of how the nervous and endocrine systems interact to regulate physiological processes. Selected experimental results are presented to illustrate the current understanding of neuroendocrine processes. Neural influences and endocrine feedback mechanisms related to the secretion of adenohypophysial hormones are summarized for each hormone. The book’s concise nature and readable style are highly suited for use as a graduate textbook.
There are also chapters devoted to each of the following topics: neurohypophysis, pineal gland, adrenal medulla, hormones and behavior, and neuroendocrine immunology. Comparisons are made among species of mammals, including laboratory rodents, domesticated ungulates, and primates. Agricultural and/or clinical aspects relevant to these topics are covered when appropriate. Mammalian Neuroendocrinology is excellent for students and professionals in neuroendocrinology, neuroscience, endocrinology, reproduction studies, and animal sciences.

Mammalian Neuroendocrinology

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The mechanism of information transfer between cells is the subject of Introduction to Signal Transduction. Until recently various aspects of signaling by hormones were studied (and taught) under the subject of endocrinology, and signaling by neurotransmitters was the subject of neurochemistry. With growing awareness of the many similarities between hormonal and neurotransmitter signalling, recent years have witnessed the emergence of Signal Transduction as an independent discipline covering all aspects of information transfer between cells irrespective of the nature and source of the signals. This book is designed for senior undergraduate/graduate-level students interested in a basic understanding of the major participants in the cellular Signal Transduction pathways. The book covers the major topics in Signal Transduction: receptors, which recognize the signals at the cell surface; G-proteins, which transduce the signals; and adenylate cyclases, guanlate cyclases, and phospholipases, which generate second messengers. Chapters also focus on ion channels, phosphodiesterases, protein kinases, phosphoprotein phosphatases and nitric oxide, which participate in the cellular response to signals; the health consequences of defects in Signal Transduction proteins; and the central role Signal Transduction plays in drug abuse. The book is suitable for an introductory course in Signal Transduction as well as for self-study and review. It is recommended for biology and medical students, as well as for interdisciplinary science majors and pharmaceutical researchers.

Introduction to Cellular Signal Transduction

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First published in 1943, Vitamins and Hormones is the longest-running serial published by Academic Press. In the early days of the serial, the subjects of vitamins and hormones were quite distinct. The Editorial Board now reflects expertise in the field of hormone action, vitamin action, X-ray crystal structure, physiology, and enzyme mechanisms.

Under the capable and qualified editorial leadership of Dr. Gerald Litwack, Vitamins and Hormones continues to publish cutting-edge reviews of interest to endocrinologists, biochemists, nutritionists, pharmacologists, cell biologists, and molecular biologists. Others interested in the structure and function of biologically active molecules like hormones and vitamins will, as always, turn to this series for comprehensive reviews by leading contributors to this and related disciplines.

*Longest running series published by Academic Press
*Contributions by leading international authorities

Insulin and IGFs, Volume 80

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This text was conceived as a tool to address the problems encountered by an endocrinologist when sureveying the wealth of information available from the past two decades of genetic research. The ability to pinpoint genetic defects responsible for a specific endocrine disorder opens the possibility of faster and simpler diagnosis, improved understanding of disease mechanisms, and development of new treatment modalities. However, the abundance of information attained may be so overwhelming that the practicing physician may be unable to apply this knowledge to the daily routine of clinical practice. This book provides a concise summary of the most current information available on over 100 endocrine diseases, organized as a rapid reference guide. The text also provides references for review articles and other citations from current medical journals. Furthermore, the reader can consult the OMIM website, using the MIM numbers listed for each specific disease. The diagrams of metabolic pathways provide summaries for medical students, endocrine fellows, as well as senior physicians. The glossary of genetic terminology can serve asan introduction to the language of genetics, and also act as a mini-reference dictionary.

Genetics for Endocrinologists: The Molecular Genetic Basis of Endocrinological Disorders

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Significant advances have been made in Endocrinology relating to developmental biology, environmental physiology, chronobiology, photobiology, reproductive biology, circulatory and digestive physiology, molecular biology, metabolic physiology, clinical and medical biology, etc. Comparative points of view have also accelerated the advancement of endocrinology. This book covers various topics of endocrinology from comparative, experimental, developmental, reproductive and clinical endocrine aspects. Another important feature of this book is that more than half the chapters are described in relation to the function of melatonin and the structure of the pineal organ. These trials of this book are reasonable and timely. Melatonin physiology has been reviewed from several points of view such as antioxidant and scavenger of hydroxyl radical, circadian clock and photoperiodic gonadal response including photoreceptor system, and development of vertebrates.

Experimental Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology