Product Description

In this updated fifth edition of the Atlas of Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Syndrome (formerly the Atlas of Atherosclerosis), the editors have compiled a comprehensive update on the field of atherosclerosis. This four-color atlas includes detailed legends and extensive reference listings for hundreds of illustrations, algorithms, schematics, and images. This new edition focuses more closely on metabolic syndrome, as well as comprehensively covering many other topics including diabetes and vascular risk, obesity management, dietary concerns, drug treatment, gender and ethnicity differences, and many others. The striking, four-color format combined with the breadth of information it contains make this book an invaluable resource for physicians, cardiologists, and all professionals involved in the study and treatment of atherosclerosis.

Atlas of Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Risk Syndrome: Risk Factors and Treatment

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Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK. Describes proven ways for investigating the mechanisms of septic shock. Details methods for studying sepsis involving endotoxins, cytokines, nitric oxide, toxins derived from Gram-positive organisms, and the use of primary cell cultures. For researchers. DNLM: Shock, Septic–immunology.

Septic Shock: Methods and Protocols

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Platelets have been an important model system in which to study various aspects of signal transduction. In spite of the fact that platelets are anucleated cells, it has been possible to assess the relationship between receptors, transducers and effectors, and specific platelet physiological responses. As a consequence, discrete biochemical events can be related to shape change, aggregation, and secretion. In addition to undergoing these internal biochemical changes, activated platelets express glycoproteins receptors for adhesive proteins on their surfaces; these help consolidation of the initial platelet aggregate to stop bleeding and start repair. When this protective action of platelets is exaggerated, a pathological situation arises. Abnormal platelet function is associated with thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and bleeding disorders.

This book deals with the most important aspects of platelet signal transduction that have been revealed in the past few years. Emphasis is given to knowledge gained in the area of glycoprotein receptors or integrins that bind adhesive proteins and play a crucial role in thrombosis. One of these integrins also serves as a collagen receptor on platelets. Collagen and thrombin are primary activators at sites of vascular injury. The main thrombin receptor recently was recognized as a seven trans-membrane domain receptor, and attention is now focused on the development of thrombin receptor antagonists that might prove to be useful in treatment of thrombosis and restenosis. The formation and release of thromboxane A2 n activated platelets help to recruit additional platelets to the injury site; the receptor for thromboxane A2 is a newly discovered seven trans-membrane domain receptor that is also covered in this book.

The coupling of platelet receptors to the effectors or second-messenger-producting enzymes is mostly through heterotrimeric and low molecular weight GTP-binding proteins, which have an important role in the stimulation or inhibition of platelet effectors. Two chapters deal with the role of GTP-binding proteins in human platelets. Several chapters are devoted to the effectors, including phospholipases C, A2, D, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; the mobilization of Ca²⁺; and the formation of cAMP, cGMP, nitric oxide, and the role of the NA⁺/K⁺ exchanger. This is integrated with information on the activation of important protein kinases – that is, protein kinase C, Ca²⁺ -calmodulin-dependent protein kinases, cAMP and cGMP-dependent kinases, and tyrosine kinases – and on how these activities lead to changes in platelet cytoskeleton to cause shape change, aggregation, and secretion.

The Platelet, Volume 18

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Only in recent years have the molecular mechanisms of natural killer cells been understood. This text is an updated review of the signal transduction and functions of NK cells, and their roles in transplantation, anti-tumour response and infectious diseases.

Molecular Basis of Nk Cell Recognition and Function

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National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. (Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, Volume 211> Proceedings of a workshop held in Annapolis, Maryland, April 30 – May 3, 1995. Advanced research on the ontogeny and pathology of myeloid cells. 130 contributors.

Molecular Aspects of Myeloid Stem Cell Development

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B cells used to be considered as a homogeneous population of cells destined to produce antibodies of increasing affinity and to maintain an immunological memory. In recent years, it has been determined that B cells can be subdivided into different subsets characterized by distinct morphologic, phenotypic and functional features. Presenting results of research work on the definition of B cell subset populations, this book explains the basic mechanisms that control B cell activation, stimulation and regulation. Articles include studies on both normal and malignant B cells and describe the mechanisms underlying T-B cell interactions during the immune response. The most important advances in the field of immunodeficiency are also reported. This volume should be essential not only for basic and clinical immunologists, but also for haematologists, pathologists and rheumatologists with a special interest in the pathogenesis of lymphoproliferative or autoimmune disorders.

Human B Cell Populations

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Targeted therapies are the focus of much research in oncology. Encouraging results from the development of new monoclonal antibodies are revolutionizing clinical therapies and this is particularly the case for haematologic malignancies.

The advent of immunotherapy heralds a new era particularly for patients who are refractory to more traditional therapies. Impressive results are evident using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that a) bind with high specificity to cell-surface antigens, resulting in targeted killing of the malignant cells or b) are conjugated to radioisotopes, toxins, enzymes or drugs that have the potential to reach high concentration at the tumour site. Not only do these agents improve remission and overall survival, but also many new studies have shown that they can be even more effective when used in combination with more traditional therapies.

This unique book brings together a series of topical discussions of how the new immunotherapeutic agents can be used successfully to treat lymphoid malignancies. The contributors are prestigious clinicians and researchers working at the cutting edge of the field. This will be an invaluable resource for the haematologist or oncologist who will find up-to-date data and clinical advice regarding the latest immunotherapeutic options in haematology.

Therapeutic Strategies in Lymphoid Malignancy: An Immunotherapeutic Approach

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This volume provides the latest research on oxygen transport to tissue. Ninety chapters cover varying aspects, including: oxygen carriers, oxygen transport in organs – brain, heart and lung, skeletal muscle, and abdominal muscles, as well as systemic oxygenation in normal and disease states, oxygen transport in tumors, theoretical models and integrative approaches to oxygen transport to tissue, and methods and instrumentation. Leading researchers in the field detail such topics as: reactions of cross-linked methemoglobins with hydrogen peroxide, cerebral redox states following hemoglobin substitution, fractal analysis of cerebral hemoglobin content fluctuations, oxygenation of hemoglobin in the human brain, regulation of cerebral oxygen delivery, apoprotein E genotypes and traumatic brain injury, mitochondrial hyperoxidation after global cerebral ischemia, spontaneous fluctuations in oxygen tension and vasomotion, metabolic and hemodynamic oscillations in the brain, anoxic preconditioning in hippocampal slices, tissue supply areas in myocardium, oscillations in cerebral hemodynamics for functional activation studies, and the effects of ketamine and phenobarbitol on cerebral tissue oxygen tension.

Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXI

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Dr. Tuchin describes an optical clearing method based on reversible reduction of tissue scattering due to refractive index matching of scatterers and ground matter. This technique, which has been of great interest for research and application in the last decade, is a promising technique for future developments in the fields of tissue imaging, spectroscopy, phototherapy, and laser surgery.

Contents

– Preface

– Introduction: Brief Review

– Tissue and Blood Optical Immersion by Exogenous Chemical Agents

– Optical Clearing of Fibrous Tissues

– Optical Clearing of Skin

– Optical Clearing of Gastric Tissue

– Tissue Structural Properties Studies at Optical Immersion

– Optical Clearing of Blood, Cells, and Microorganisms

– Chemical Agent Delivery

– Applications

– Other Methods of Tissue Optical Properties Control

– Conclusion

– References

Optical Clearing of Tissues and Blood

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This volume illustrates the current lines of investigation of the angiogenic mechanisms based on contribution of circulating progenitor cells. The main themes that currently dominate this research field are: the origin of these cells, their tissue engraftment, their phenotypic modulation leading to the transformation into endothelial cells, etc. This volume is a key reference for angiogenesis researchers and students alike, in the fields of cardiovascular medicine, neoplastic disorders, wound management and tissue engineering, among others. Key Features: + Fresh data and concepts are presented to advance our understanding of basic angiogenic mechanisms. + Focuses entirely on an emerging paradigm able to supplement the old angiogenic mechanism, called the “sprouting” model, in accounting for all real-life situations. + Deals with the potential of progenitor cells to contribute to the maintenance and/or regeneration of tissues in an adult organism.

Novel Angiogenic Mechanisms: Role of Circulating Progenitor Endothelial Cells